Vishay Sfernice RCMM101212GKA20

Vishay Sfernice Part Number RCMM101212GKA20（Through Hole Resistors）, developed and manufactured by Vishay Sfernice, distributed globally by Jinftry. We distribute various electronic components from world-renowned brands and provide one-stop services, making us a trusted global electronic component distributor.

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Through Hole Resistors is a classic electronic component, has been called plug-in resistance. It refers to those resistors that are soldered and fixed by metal pins through holes in the circuit board and are mainly used to limit current, regulate voltage and divide voltage circuits. Through hole resistance can be divided into precision type and ordinary type, precision through hole resistance has higher parameter requirements. Compared with surface mount resistors, through-hole resistors show different characteristics and advantages in assembly and maintenance.

Through Hole Resistors is a plug-in resistor with a through hole structure. Due to its high reliability, good heat dissipation performance, and easy maintenance, it is widely used in industrial control, communication equipment, automotive electronics, consumer electronics and other fields. Especially in the need to withstand higher power or harsh working environment, the advantages of through-hole resistance are more obvious. They are capable of long-term stable operation and maintain good performance even under extreme conditions such as high temperature, high humidity or vibration. The pin design of the through-hole resistor allows it to be easily fixed to the circuit board by welding, which is especially important for some circuit projects that require manual assembly or debugging. This flexible assembly method not only improves production efficiency, but also reduces maintenance costs.

• 1. Resistor parameter marking

  1. Direct marking method‌: directly mark the resistance value and allowable deviation of the resistor on the surface of the resistor. For chip resistors, 3-digit Arabic numerals are usually used to mark the resistance value, where the first digit represents the first significant digit of the resistance value, the second digit represents the second significant digit of the resistance value, and the third digit represents the multiple of the resistance value (that is, the number of 0s). For example, 203 represents 20kΩ, 471 represents 470Ω, and 105 represents 1MQ. For decimal ohms or integer values ​​within 10Ω, specific symbols are also used, such as 1R2 represents 1.2Ω.
  
  ‌2. Text symbol method‌: Use three digits to mark the resistance value of the resistor, and no longer indicate the accuracy level (generally less than ±5%). This method is suitable for miniaturized electronic components, especially surface mount components and devices. For example, 3R9 represents 3.9Ω.
  
  ‌3. Digital method‌: Use three digits to represent the nominal value on the resistor, where the first and second digits are the effective value, and the third digit is the index (that is, the number of 0s), in ohms. Deviations are usually represented by text symbols.
  
  ‌4. Color code method‌: Use different colored strips or dots to mark the nominal resistance value and allowable deviation on the surface of the resistor. This method is more common in foreign resistors. There is a fixed correspondence between color and value, such as black represents 0, brown represents 1, red represents 2, and so on.

• 2. What are the advantages of through-hole resistors?

  Strong component connection‌: Through-hole technology passes through the circuit board through physical leads and is soldered on the other side, forming a strong connection that can resist mechanical stress. This makes through-hole resistors an excellent choice for components that are subject to physical strain, such as connectors, switches, or large, heavy components.
  ‌Reliable performance at high temperatures‌: Through-hole components are generally more resistant to extreme thermal environments, which is beneficial for applications that operate in high-temperature environments or undergo significant thermal cycles.
  ‌Easy to prototype and debug‌: Through-hole components are generally easier to use for manual assembly, prototyping, or testing. They can be manually inserted and soldered, making it easy to debug or modify prototypes.
  ‌Enhanced testability‌: Circuit boards designed with through-hole designs inherently provide excellent testability. The lead ends of the devices in the through-hole board also act as test nodes, which enables efficient online testing because the test probes can easily access them from the bottom. This makes it easier and more efficient to diagnose and fix any potential problems.

• 3. What are the applications of through-hole resistors?

  ‌Voltage division‌: The required voltage is distributed through series resistors. It is often used for voltage sampling and current sampling. It is connected in series through precision resistors with small resistance. After voltage division, the voltage needs to be amplified by an amplifier.
  ‌Shunting‌: When the current in the loop is large and the power of one resistor is insufficient, the current is shunted through parallel resistors to play a protective role.
  ‌Current limiting‌: Limit the current passing through components to protect components, such as the current limiting resistor of LED light-emitting diodes.
  ‌Decoupling‌: In circuit operation, resistors are used to form a path to remove excess energy, which is used for inductive components.
  ‌Filtering‌: Together with capacitors, a filter circuit is formed. The cutoff frequency of the filter is calculated according to the resistance value and the capacitance value to achieve low-pass filtering or high-pass filtering.
  ‌Pull-up and pull-down‌: The pull-up resistor is connected to the positive end of the power supply, and the pull-down resistor is connected to the negative end of the power supply. It is used for signal output or input to prevent false operation caused by signal interference.
  ‌Dummy load‌: Connect a resistor in parallel with the output end of the power supply so that the output end does not form an empty load, which clamps the output voltage.
  ‌ Jumper function‌: Mainly the use of 0 ohm resistors, used for debugging and compatibility, convenient wiring, reserved resistor positions, convenient current testing, noise suppression, safety protection and other occasions.